罗贯中英文简介
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罗贯中简介Luo Guanzhong (about 1330 - about 1400 years), the name of the word, the word in the lake scattered people, late Yuan and early Ming novelist, "Three Kingdoms popular romance" author. Shanxi and the state of Taiyuan people, the other major works are novels: "Sui and Tang dynasties Zhizhi", "remnants of the Five Dynasties history", "three times Ping Yao Yao", "Water Margin". "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" (referred to as the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms") is Luo Guanzhong's masterpiece, this novel on the later literary creation far-reaching impact. In addition to the creation of novels, the surviving drama "Song Taizu dragon and tiger will be".
罗贯中生平经历Living in the south
When Yuan Renzong Yanyou years, Luo Guanzhong father for the silk businessman. In the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, due to the wounds of the war of Songs gradually subsided, the social economy and cultural center of gravity began to shift from the north to the south. Hangzhou is not only the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, commercial development of the bustling city, has become a drama and "talk" art development of the important center. Therefore, many northern intellectuals, "book material", such as Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and others, have moved to Hangzhou area. As a novel and drama writer Luo Guanzhong, but also by the impact of this social trend, as one of the South moved to the writer. At the age of 7, he studied four books in private school. 14 years old mother died, so drop out of school with his father to Suzhou, Hangzhou area to do business. But Luo Guanzhong not interested in business, with the consent of his father, he went to Cixi with the famous scholar Zhao Baofeng study. Luo Guanzhong "Lake scattered people", the title to live with roaming rivers and lakes, wandering the meaning of the horizon. About 1345 ~ 1355 years, he came to Hangzhou. Many speaking artists here are books, some of the comedy writers, also here activities. Luo Guanzhong and like-minded for friends. Plus he is extremely popular with folk literature, to here, naturally do not want to leave.
Epic King
Yuan Huizong to sixteen years (1356), Luo Guanzhong farewell Zhao Baofeng, "King of the map" Luo Guanzhong to the peasant uprising Zhang Shicheng shogunate guest. Zhang Shicheng dominate the war is the power of the hero. The second year in the Luo Guanzhong's proposal, Zhang Shicheng defeated the emperor's emperor Kang Mao's attack. In the same year, Zhang Shicheng's brother defeated by the Yuan Dynasty prisoners, Zhang Shicheng had surrendered. After the yuan, Zhang Shicheng greedy pleasure. To twenty years or two, Zhang Shicheng see the decline of the Yuan Dynasty, once again called the king. Many of the staff, including Luo Guanzhong, have proposed to suspend the king, but not adopted. Liu Liang, Lu Yuan and others have left, Luo Guanzhong Zhang Shicheng since the loss of confidence, return home Taiyuan. To twenty-three years (AD 1363) in September, and soon, Luo Guanzhong also left Zhang Shicheng, once again north, to twenty years ago, Luo Guanzhong returned to Hangzhou. "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance" writing, when after that year. At this time, he is more than 50 years old, and history, life has a more mature view, fully equipped with the creation of "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance" conditions. To Ming Taizu Hongwu three years (AD 1370), Luo Guanzhong has written twelve volumes, after the volume of writing, Hongwu four years later.
In Luo Guanzhong writing "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance" period, Shi Naian moved from Suzhou to Xinghua, and in Hongwu three years of death. In order to commemorate his master Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong in the completion of the "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance", decided to process, add Shi's "Water Margin." Written in Hongwu four years to ten years. In the processing, supplement the "Water Margin" at the same time, Luo Guanzhong continue to create a series of works of history.
Angry with the book
Yuan Dynasty, the world chaos, the pack and he has been involved. Ming Wang Qi in the "barnyard history compilation", said he is a "king of the map, is the case of God", that is, see the world will not fall into the hands of the emperor, it had to fade out of rivers and lakes. Soon, Luo Guanzhong far Jiangnan, flow in the river, Zhejiang area, to describe his novel "King" dominance of the mind. Figure king unsuccessful, angry with the book.
However, it may just be a legend. Because Qing Gu Ling "tower shadow garden set" volume four "Postscript Water Margin" records "Luo Guanzhong tyrants Zhang Shicheng", which is "with the king of the image" does not meet. These two records of contradictory places, but enough to show that Luo Guanzhong in the late Yuan had wanted to do something, "Biography", but in reality after the failure of the choice.
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang in order to consolidate their status, has made the provinces to try again for three years. As had the enemy with the emperor, Luo Guanzhong had to give up the opportunity to enter the official field. Ming Hongwu 14 years, Luo Guanzhong wrote the "three Sui Ping Yao Chuan" (20 back to this), then, then a hair and can not be received, created the "remnants of the Five Dynasties Historical Biography" "Sui Tang Zhizhi" and other works.
Some experts believe that the "early view of the king" of the early experience and his later years of special mood, is Luo Guanzhong preference political history novels, and in such novels to achieve the key to the success of the arts. First, with the story of the Three Kingdoms as a theme to write the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", one with history and heroic legendary quality of the Liangshan hero story editor "Water Margin" (prevailing, for example, "Chinese Literature History" Original, Luo Guanzhong editor compiled a book to say).
Luo Guanzhong after the creation of these works, is the sixties old man. He published these works in order to publish these works, Yu Hongwu thirteen years or so came from Hangzhou to Fujian, Fujian Jianyang was one of the centers of the publishing industry. However, the purpose of Luo Guanzhong failed to achieve. Luo Guanzhong's creative ability is multifaceted. He wrote Yuefu language and opera, but the main achievements of the novel. On his novel, "West Lake tour Chi Yu" called him "compiled dozens of novels", and according to legend, he wrote "seventeen history romance." In addition to the "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance", there are "Sui and Tang Dynasties Biography", "remnants of the Five Dynasties Historical Biography" and "three Sui Ping Yao Chuan" and Shi Naian also prepared with "Water Margin "
These works in the "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance" of the highest achievements. The book with a grand structure depicts the complex political and military struggle during the Three Kingdoms period, from the Yellow River uprising, and finally the Western Jin unified. The works condemned the brutality and ugliness of the rulers, reflecting the pain of the people of the unrest and the yearning for the Qingming politics and the benevolence, reflecting the tendency of the " "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance" "The text is not very deep, not very vulgar", language simple and bright and vivid. It combines the history and the natural combination of literature, realistic description, and full of romantic legendary. Luo Guanzhong "Three Kingdoms Popular Romance" The earliest existing book for the Jiajing Ben, the most popular book is the Qing Dynasty Mao Lun, Mao Zonggang father and son of the revised version. In addition to the creation of the novel, Jia Zhongming "recorded ghost book sequel" that he "Yuefu language, very fresh." His existing opera works "Zhao Taizu dragon and tiger will be" Zaju. The basic idea of the Zaju and the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is similar, describing the intimate relationship between the monarch and the minister, and hope that through the "three classes, would like to five permanent" to end the tragedy of the tragedy caused by male.