用英文介绍北极和北极的一些动物 3分钟左右 高二用！

North Pole is the northern end of the Earth spin axis, that is the point of 90 ° north latitude. Arctic near the North Pole is latitude 66 ° 34 'area within the Arctic Circle. The frozen Arctic Ocean is a vast ocean, surrounded by numerous islands and coastal areas of northern North America and Asia. Cold waters of the iceberg from the Arctic Ocean flows carrying the Atlantic and Pacific. Arctic cold climate throughout the year. Winter, the sun is always below the horizon, the sea ice completely frozen. Summer, the temperature rose to above freezing, melting the edge of the Arctic Ocean, the sun for weeks are hanging in the sky. Arctic Ocean are rich in fish and plankton,

This summer here, millions of seabirds nesting provides a rich source of food, and also the seals, whales and other marine animals.Most areas around the Arctic Ocean are flat, no trees. Winter, frozen earth, the ground covered with thick snow. Summer snow melt, thaw the surface soil, plants grow and blossom, as the reindeer and musk oxen and other animals with food. Meanwhile, wolves and polar bears and other predators also depend on other animals to survive predation. Arctic is the world's most sparsely populated areas. Since centuries, the Inuit (formerly Eskimo) sound reproduction from generation to generation here. Recently, the discovery of oil here, so many people came to work here from the south.

The most representative and symbolic animal is the Arctic polar bears.

As the name suggests, polar bears live in the Arctic. Their home in the Arctic ice and the surrounding islands, as well as the adjacent mainland near the coast, was the circumpolar distribution of basic. They generally will not go deep into more northern areas, where the ice is too thick, and even their main prey - seals can not break the ice out, no food, polar bears will naturally not take the risk.

Polar bears living there were classified into six species: Russia Wrangel Island - Alaska Western populations; population in northern Alaska; the Canadian Arctic archipelago population; Greenland population; Norway, Svalbard - 俄罗斯法兰兹 Joseph Island population and to central populations in northern Siberia.

Polar bear in the bear family animal family are genuine carnivores, they feed seals, especially ringed seals, will also prey bearded seal, harp seal, crown seals. In addition, they also capture the walrus, beluga whales, seabirds, fish, small mammals, sometimes cleaning the carrion. , And other bear species have different, they are not eating the food will not hide after the eat, etc. (This is one great convenience to other animals, such as Arctic fox lazy or similar), even after the fat from time to time to enjoy complete to walk away, know that for them, high-calorie fat is more important than the meat,

Because they need to maintain a warm layer of fat used, also need to store energy when food shortages. Polar bears are not vegetarians do not stick a little, occasionally in the summer they eat berries or plant roots, although they are not high in terms of nutritional value.

Polar bears are excellent swimmers, so that once people believe that marine animals, it is not only the Latin name U. maritimus means "sea" Bear. Polar bears in their lives most of the time (66.6%) were in the "static" state, such as sleeping, lying down resting, or waiting for prey. The remaining approximately 29.1% of the time walking or swimming in the land, 1.2% of the time in the attack prey, what is left is to basically enjoy delicious. There are two kinds polar bear hunting mode, the most common is the "passive" method. They will advance to find the ice seal's breathing hole

And highly endurance waiting several hours in the next. Wait until the seals appear, they will launch a surprise attack, with sharp claws hook to drag the seal up from the breathing hole. If the seals on shore, they would hide in places where seals eye can not see, and then crept to come crawling to launch onslaught. Another model is to sneak into the ice directly under seal until close to the shore before the attack, so the advantage is a direct escape route cut off the seals. Satiate, the polar bears will carefully clean up the hair, the food residue of blood are cleaned.

北极是指地球自转轴的北端，也就是北纬90°的那一点。北极地区是指北极附近北纬66°34′北极圈以内的地区。北冰洋是一片浩瀚的冰封海洋，周围是众多的岛屿以及北美洲和亚洲北部的沿海地区。冰冷的海水携带着冰山从北冰洋流入大西洋和太平洋。北极地区的气候终年寒冷。冬季，太阳始终在地平线以下，大海完全封冻结冰。夏季，气温上升到冰点以上，北冰洋的边缘地带融化，太阳连续几个星期都挂在天空。北冰洋中有丰富的鱼类和浮游生物，这为夏季在这里筑巢的数百万只海鸟提供了丰富的食物来源，同时，也是海豹、鲸和其他海洋动物的食物。北冰洋周围的大部分地区都比较平坦，没有树木生长。冬季大地封冻，地面上覆盖着厚厚的积雪。夏季积雪融化，表层土解冻，植物生长开花，为驯鹿和麝牛等动物提供了食物。同时，狼和北极熊等食肉动物也依靠捕食其他动物得以存活。北极地区是世界上人口最稀少的地区之一。千百年以来，因纽特人（旧称爱斯基摩人）在这里世代繁衍声息。最近，这里发现了石油，因而许多人从南部来到这里工作。

最有代表性和象征北极的动物是北极熊。

顾名思义，北极熊生活在北极。它们把家安在北冰洋周围的浮冰和岛屿上，还有相邻大陆的海岸线附近，基本呈环极分布。它们一般不会深入到更北端的地方，因为那里的浮冰太厚了，连它们的最主要猎物——海豹也无法破冰而出，没有食物，北极熊自然不会去冒险。生活在那里的北极熊被我们分为六大种群：俄罗斯弗兰格尔岛－阿拉斯加西部种群；阿拉斯加北部种群；加拿大北极群岛种群；格陵兰种群；挪威斯瓦尔巴特群岛－俄罗斯法兰兹约瑟夫群岛种群以及西伯利亚北部至中部种群。

北极熊在熊科动物家族中属于正牌的食肉动物，它们主要捕食海豹，特别是环斑海豹，此外也会捕食髯海豹、鞍纹海豹、冠海豹。除此之外，它们也捕捉海象、白鲸、海鸟、鱼类、小型哺乳动物，有时也会打扫腐肉。和其他熊科动物不一样的是，它们不会把没吃完的食物藏起来等以后再吃（这倒是大大方便了别的动物，比如懒惰的同类或者北极狐），甚至时常享用完脂肪之后就扬长而去，要知道对它们而言，高热量的脂肪比肉更为重要，因为它们需要维持保暖用的脂肪层，还需要为食物短缺的时候储存能量。北极熊也不是一点素食不沾，在夏季它们偶尔也会吃点浆果或者植物的根茎，尽管对它们而言营养价值不高。

北极熊是非常出色的游泳健将，以至于曾被人认为是海洋动物，它的拉丁名U. maritimus既指“海”熊。北极熊在它们的生命中大部分时间（66.6%）是处于“静止”状态，例如睡觉、躺着休息，或者是守候猎物。剩下约有29.1％的时间是在陆地行走或游水，1.2％的时间在袭击猎物，最后剩下的时间基本是在享受美味。北极熊一般有两种捕猎模式，最常用的是“守株待兔”法。它们会事先在冰面上找到海豹的呼吸孔，然后极富耐力地在旁边等候几个小时。等到海豹一露头，它们就会发动突然袭击，并用尖利的爪钩将海豹从呼吸孔中拖上来。如果海豹在岸上，它们也会躲在海豹视线看不到的地方，然后蹑手蹑脚地爬将过来发起猛攻。另外一种模式就是直接潜入冰面下，直到靠近岸上的海豹才发动进攻，这样的优点是直接截断了海豹的退路。吃饱喝足后，北极熊会细心清理毛发，把食物的残渣血迹都清除干净。